Make Crystal an installable web app with an offline shell (#39)

A manifest and icons rendered from icon.svg make the app installable.
The native build emits a service worker that precaches exactly the
built files and passes everything else to the network, so ROMs never
reach its cache. New versions wait for the player's Update, which saves
before reloading. Savegames offers installation, iPhone steps and
persistent storage, and a full disk gets its own save error.

Acceptance on physical iPhone and Android devices remains.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

docs/ARCHITECTURE.md

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ flowchart LR
 | `src/app`                       | Runtime-independent load/play/pause/backup lifecycle                                            |
 | `src/storage`                   | Versioned envelope, IndexedDB transactions and ordered writes                                   |
 | `src/ui`, `src/main.ts`         | Accessible game tabs, UI composition and DOM dialogue, no ROM offsets                           |
-| `src/platform`                  | Browser locks and future native platform adapters                                               |
+| `src/platform`                  | Browser locks, the installable app (service worker, install, storage) and future native adapters |
 | `src/reference`, `src/emulator` | Original-game reference, excluded from the native build                                         |
 | `reference/public`              | Licensed emulator files for the reference build only                                            |